Frontend & Browser
The browser is a runtime with its own pipeline, event system and storage. Understand it, and React, CSS and performance stop being magic.
How Browsers Render
HTML to DOM and CSSOM, layout, paint, composite; reflow vs repaint.
CSS Layout
The box model, flexbox, grid and stacking contexts.
DOM Events
Bubbling, capturing, delegation and requestAnimationFrame.
Accessibility
Semantic HTML, ARIA, focus and keyboard navigation.
How React Works
Render vs commit, reconciliation, keys, and why re-renders happen.
React Hooks, Honestly
useState and useEffect timing, stale closures, when useMemo helps.
State Management
Local, lifted, context, external stores and server state.
Browser Storage & Caching
Cookies, localStorage, IndexedDB, the HTTP cache, service workers.
CSR, SSR, SSG & Hydration
Where HTML gets built: client, server, build time, streaming, Server Components.
Web Performance
Core Web Vitals, code splitting, lazy loading, images.
Build Tools & Bundlers
Bundlers, Vite, tree shaking, source maps, module formats.